Europe's greatest fear may not be Trump's threat to invade or abandon its allies, but the far-reaching implications of his "second American revolution" – a global ideological movement that could upend the continent from within.
The seeds of this revolution were sown in 2018 with Steve Bannon's involvement. However, it has since evolved into a sophisticated partnership between Trump and like-minded figures such as JD Vance. The US National Security Strategy has even endorsed the growth of "patriotic" European parties, including Reform UK, Alternative für Deutschland, Marine Le Pen's Rassemblement National, Fidesz in Hungary, and Vox in Spain.
These nationalist and populist movements share a common intellectual project – one that seeks to dislodge liberal democracy in favor of a radical, contemporary ideology. At first glance, the new right may appear as an out-of-touch movement intent on restoring the past. But, according to Mark Leonard's research, this couldn't be further from the truth.
The true strength of the new right lies in its adaptability – its ability to resonate with the anxieties and fears of the 21st century. Its proponents have a compelling narrative that exposes the failings of liberal democracy and offers a pathway to power. This is the core idea behind the "new right" label, which Leonard uses to describe this global movement.
The new right's self-understanding centers around the notion that liberalism has failed to deliver on its promises. It points to the series of crises that have battered Europe – the global financial crash, eurozone crisis, refugee crisis, Covid pandemic, and rising living costs following Russia's invasion of Ukraine – as evidence that liberal governance has overwhelmed state capacity and fueled suspicion about whose interests governments serve.
Benedikt Kaiser, a former neo-Nazi who has now embraced electoral politics, exemplifies this view. He argues that the convergence of these crises has sapped the legitimacy of the post-war liberal order, creating an opening for political insurgents to capture the agenda.
The new right's policy agenda is centered around appealing to working-class voters who feel left behind by globalization and rising inequality. This appeal is distilled into a clear platform spanning immigration, trade, foreign policy, and state reform – all united by a promise to restore national identity.
Borders are now used as a tool for distinguishing the "real" members of the nation from outsiders, while tariffs are recast as a way to rebuild domestic production and elevate the dignity of work. Foreign policy is simplified to a narrowly defined national interest, and institutional resistance is overcome by attacking the "deep state" and discrediting experts.
The new right's success also rests on its mastery of the fractured media environment – particularly in dominating digital platforms. It has forged alliances with technology magnates like Elon Musk and saturated the online space with its narratives and slogans. This has allowed it to bypass traditional journalism and establish a presence in the algorithmic information space, where alternative facts and edgy memes are king.
Perhaps most effectively, the new right has forced mainstream parties into an unwinnable position – casting them as defenders of elites rather than workers or change-makers. By doing so, they have inadvertently strengthened their own positions by forcing opponents to adopt divisive rhetoric on migration.
To combat this threat, Leonard argues that centrist forces must acknowledge the new right's critique of liberalism and develop a political project that speaks to working-class concerns. This should involve using new methods of engagement – approaches that have worked in Denmark and the Netherlands, as well as in Kentucky and New York.
Ultimately, the lesson here is clear: Trumpism could follow a similar trajectory in many European countries, with majorities now seeing his re-election as detrimental. If centrist forces rally around a strategy that turns the new right's strengths into vulnerabilities, there may still be hope for Europe to reinvent itself as the real defenders of national sovereignty and defeat this global ideological movement.
The seeds of this revolution were sown in 2018 with Steve Bannon's involvement. However, it has since evolved into a sophisticated partnership between Trump and like-minded figures such as JD Vance. The US National Security Strategy has even endorsed the growth of "patriotic" European parties, including Reform UK, Alternative für Deutschland, Marine Le Pen's Rassemblement National, Fidesz in Hungary, and Vox in Spain.
These nationalist and populist movements share a common intellectual project – one that seeks to dislodge liberal democracy in favor of a radical, contemporary ideology. At first glance, the new right may appear as an out-of-touch movement intent on restoring the past. But, according to Mark Leonard's research, this couldn't be further from the truth.
The true strength of the new right lies in its adaptability – its ability to resonate with the anxieties and fears of the 21st century. Its proponents have a compelling narrative that exposes the failings of liberal democracy and offers a pathway to power. This is the core idea behind the "new right" label, which Leonard uses to describe this global movement.
The new right's self-understanding centers around the notion that liberalism has failed to deliver on its promises. It points to the series of crises that have battered Europe – the global financial crash, eurozone crisis, refugee crisis, Covid pandemic, and rising living costs following Russia's invasion of Ukraine – as evidence that liberal governance has overwhelmed state capacity and fueled suspicion about whose interests governments serve.
Benedikt Kaiser, a former neo-Nazi who has now embraced electoral politics, exemplifies this view. He argues that the convergence of these crises has sapped the legitimacy of the post-war liberal order, creating an opening for political insurgents to capture the agenda.
The new right's policy agenda is centered around appealing to working-class voters who feel left behind by globalization and rising inequality. This appeal is distilled into a clear platform spanning immigration, trade, foreign policy, and state reform – all united by a promise to restore national identity.
Borders are now used as a tool for distinguishing the "real" members of the nation from outsiders, while tariffs are recast as a way to rebuild domestic production and elevate the dignity of work. Foreign policy is simplified to a narrowly defined national interest, and institutional resistance is overcome by attacking the "deep state" and discrediting experts.
The new right's success also rests on its mastery of the fractured media environment – particularly in dominating digital platforms. It has forged alliances with technology magnates like Elon Musk and saturated the online space with its narratives and slogans. This has allowed it to bypass traditional journalism and establish a presence in the algorithmic information space, where alternative facts and edgy memes are king.
Perhaps most effectively, the new right has forced mainstream parties into an unwinnable position – casting them as defenders of elites rather than workers or change-makers. By doing so, they have inadvertently strengthened their own positions by forcing opponents to adopt divisive rhetoric on migration.
To combat this threat, Leonard argues that centrist forces must acknowledge the new right's critique of liberalism and develop a political project that speaks to working-class concerns. This should involve using new methods of engagement – approaches that have worked in Denmark and the Netherlands, as well as in Kentucky and New York.
Ultimately, the lesson here is clear: Trumpism could follow a similar trajectory in many European countries, with majorities now seeing his re-election as detrimental. If centrist forces rally around a strategy that turns the new right's strengths into vulnerabilities, there may still be hope for Europe to reinvent itself as the real defenders of national sovereignty and defeat this global ideological movement.