Introduction
If you are a woman over the age of 40, your doctor may recommend that you have a mammogram. A mammogram is a type of X-ray that is used to detect breast cancer. If you have a lump, nipple discharge, or other symptoms, your doctor may order a diagnostic mammogram.
Preparing for the Exam
Before your mammogram, you will need to remove your clothing above the waist and put on a gown. You should avoid wearing deodorant, powder, or lotion under your arms or on your breasts on the day of the exam. These products can interfere with the X-ray.
The Exam
During the exam, you will stand in front of the mammography machine. Your breast will be placed on a flat plate, and another plate will be pressed firmly against it to flatten the breast tissue. This can be uncomfortable, but it only lasts for a few seconds.
Multiple Views
The technologist will take several images of each breast from different angles. This is necessary to ensure that all of the breast tissue is visible and there are no abnormalities. You may be asked to hold your breath for a few seconds while the X-ray is taken.
Compression
After the images are taken, the technologist will review them to ensure that they are clear and accurate. If there are any areas that need further examination, additional images may be taken.
Discomfort
The compression of the breast tissue can be uncomfortable, but it is necessary to get a clear image. If you have breast implants, the technologist will take additional images to ensure that the implant is not blocking any breast tissue.
Results
After the exam, a radiologist will review the images and send a report to your doctor. If there are any abnormalities, your doctor will discuss the results with you and may recommend further testing.
False Positives and Negatives
It is important to note that mammograms can produce false positives and false negatives. A false positive occurs when an abnormality is detected but is not cancerous. A false negative occurs when cancer is present but is not detected on the mammogram.
Conclusion
A diagnostic mammogram is an important tool in the early detection of breast cancer. While the exam can be uncomfortable, it is a necessary step in ensuring your breast health. If you have any concerns or questions about the exam, be sure to discuss them with your doctor.