Scientists in Germany claim to have developed a nasal vaccine that can effectively combat Covid-19 by targeting the point where the virus enters the body. The vaccine, which uses a weakened form of the coronavirus, has shown promising results in hamster studies, with two doses demonstrating "sterilizing immunity" and preventing illness.
The new approach focuses on boosting mucosal immunity, specifically in the tissues that line the upper airways. Researchers believe this method can provide long-lasting protection against future variants of the virus. According to study author Emanuel Wyler, the vaccine works like having firefighters stationed at the smoke alarm, quickly responding to any potential threats.
Unlike traditional vaccines that primarily target blood-borne viruses, mucosal vaccines aim to prime immune cells in the nasal tissues. This allows for a more rapid and effective response when infected with the virus. Wyler notes that this approach can potentially be more effective against new variants of the coronavirus, as it doesn't rely solely on spike protein antibodies like current vaccines.
In hamster studies, the vaccine outperformed traditional mRNA-based and adenovirus-based vaccines, demonstrating its potential to prevent illness. However, experts caution that more research is needed before human trials can begin, particularly to address concerns about immune memory and variant susceptibility.
At least four nasal vaccines for Covid-19 have reached late-stage testing in humans, according to the World Health Organization. While other vaccines like those developed by China and India have been approved, their effectiveness data remains uncertain. The German team is eager to see results from a rival vaccine being tested in South America and Africa later this year.
Respiratory infections can be challenging targets for inhalable vaccines, with past examples like FluMist showing mixed results in adults. Nevertheless, the concept of using live attenuated viruses has proven effective for certain vaccines, such as those against measles, mumps, and rubella.
Care must be taken when developing live vaccines due to concerns about compromised immunity individuals. Even weakened viruses can pose risks, making it essential to use these vaccines with caution.
The new approach focuses on boosting mucosal immunity, specifically in the tissues that line the upper airways. Researchers believe this method can provide long-lasting protection against future variants of the virus. According to study author Emanuel Wyler, the vaccine works like having firefighters stationed at the smoke alarm, quickly responding to any potential threats.
Unlike traditional vaccines that primarily target blood-borne viruses, mucosal vaccines aim to prime immune cells in the nasal tissues. This allows for a more rapid and effective response when infected with the virus. Wyler notes that this approach can potentially be more effective against new variants of the coronavirus, as it doesn't rely solely on spike protein antibodies like current vaccines.
In hamster studies, the vaccine outperformed traditional mRNA-based and adenovirus-based vaccines, demonstrating its potential to prevent illness. However, experts caution that more research is needed before human trials can begin, particularly to address concerns about immune memory and variant susceptibility.
At least four nasal vaccines for Covid-19 have reached late-stage testing in humans, according to the World Health Organization. While other vaccines like those developed by China and India have been approved, their effectiveness data remains uncertain. The German team is eager to see results from a rival vaccine being tested in South America and Africa later this year.
Respiratory infections can be challenging targets for inhalable vaccines, with past examples like FluMist showing mixed results in adults. Nevertheless, the concept of using live attenuated viruses has proven effective for certain vaccines, such as those against measles, mumps, and rubella.
Care must be taken when developing live vaccines due to concerns about compromised immunity individuals. Even weakened viruses can pose risks, making it essential to use these vaccines with caution.